11/22/2023 0 Comments Empirical findingsThe collection of informationĪbout detailed skills means that these skills can beįlexibly grouped into different categories (for example, Information at the detailed occupational level in aĭeveloping country setting. The Survey of Detailed Skills isĪmong the first surveys to collect detailed O*NET-type These data across countries via occupational crosswalks However, recent research has shown that translating The Occupational Information Network (O*NET) in the United Profile occupational skills and tasks in developingĬountries draw on data from other countries, most frequently Policy makers and practitioners can use to inform theirĮfforts to build skills in Vietnam. Practical, detailed information at the occupation level that Occupations that are in demand or of strategic importanceįor economic growth. Vietnam about their skills and tasks for a set of 30 The Survey of Detailed Skills asks workers in Percentage points after two years but raises inflation byĭesigned to collect comprehensive and granular informationĪbout required skills and tasks for detailed occupations in Uncertainty shock lowers real GDP by a cumulative 1.3 ![]() A one standard deviation real interest rate Standard deviation government spending uncertainty shockĭecreases real gross domestic product (GDP) by a cumulativeġ.0 percentage point and marginally increases inflationĪfter two years. While lowering output, investment and consumption. Monetary policy uncertainty are damaging to economicĪctivity and act like negative supply shocks: raising prices Volatility of identified shocks to have direct and dynamicĮffects on macroeconomic outcomes. Which allows, but does not require, the stochastic This is achieved in a panel vector autoregression model Moves, that is, the conditional volatility of policy shocks. Uncertainty is defined as the inability to predict policy ![]() Interest rates–and their impact on macroeconomic activity inĥ4 advanced, emerging, and developing economies. Policy uncertainty measures–government spending and real Interventions can be effective in influencing the attitudesĪnd public discourse around gender equality, even in early adolescence. Had limited marginal impact on the attitudes and behaviors A complementary gender norms intervention for parents Higher likelihood of involvement in household chores byīoys. Furthermore, theįindings show improved adolescent mental health, increasedĬaring behavior towards siblings of the opposite sex, and a Perceptions of gender normsĪppears to shift for boys, leading to a greater publicĮxpression of gender egalitarian ideals. Succumb to peer pressure to conform when stating their Treated adolescents were also found to be less likely to In a novel lab-in-the-fieldĮxperiment designed to observe social group dynamics, ![]() Greater support for gender equality in reported attitudesĪmong both girls and boys. Intervention for young adolescents in Somalia that led to Presents results from a randomly-assigned gender norms Norms are often reinforced and internalized duringĪdolescence, influencing pivotal life choices. ![]() They also identify some data issues and research topics which merit further investigation. The authors' broad assessment of the literature is that migration can be beneficial or at least be turned into a beneficial phenomenon so that in general migration restrictions are not desirable. A key limitation is that much of the empirical literature does not provide structural tests of the theoretical models, but only provides partial findings that can support or invalidate intuitions and in that sense, support or invalidate the policy implications of the models. To what extent is internal migration a desirable phenomenon and under what circumstances? Should governments intervene and, if so, with what types of interventions? What should be their policy objectives? To shed light on these important issues, the authors survey the existing theoretical models and their conflicting policy implications and discuss the policies that may be justified based on recent relevant empirical studies. Even though it has been the focus of abundant research over the past five decades, some key policy questions have not found clear answers yet. The migration of labor from rural to urban areas is an important part of the urbanization process in developing countries.
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